Ultrasound stimulates and enhances mass transfer in systems

One approach to achieving energy savings is by incorporating spinning disc reactor technology. This technology is capable of producing films using centrifugal forces and the film is characterized by a thin layer that is highly sheared. This provides micromixing capabilities through the extremely high coefficients of convective heat transfers values. In addition to that, this environment provides higher and faster reaction kinetics.

Another approach is external magnetic fields. These fields possess a body of forces that can be applied to electrically nonconducting substances or materials and fluids. This approach influences a two-phase flow, particularly in trickle flow reactors.

Another method is the use of ultrasound technology. Ultrasound stimulates and enhances mass transfer in systems and has the possibility of creating very high temperatures in a system. This process is also referred to as Cavitation. In addition to that, process intensification can be achieved in chemical processes commonly referred to as sonochemistry.