Scaling also occurs in high-pressure membranes as well as nanofiltration

Another process linked to desalination is scaling, which occurs when dissolved materials increase salt concentration on the feedwater side of the membrane. This continues till when the solubility of the salt is exceeded in the reject water and at long last, precipitation occurs (Ettouney, 2013). Scaling also occurs in high-pressure membranes as well as nanofiltration. The desalination that occurs through scaling can be managed through feedwater monitoring, which is usually alleviated with both chemical and physical pretreatment. Another type of fouling that occurs as a desalination process is referred to as colloidal or particulate fouling. The process is a result of water permeating through membranes that have suspended materials. This finally leads to a membrane flux (Kucera, 2013). Biological fouling is also a desalination component that should be considered. It is the most challenging in RO membrane separation processes. Some of the chemicals that are introduced into the treatment process of biological fouling include impure acids and phosphate-based scale inhibitors. Organic fouling is also another membrane fouling that occurs through the adsorption of organic matter onto the membrane surface. Organic fouling leads to irreversible fouling since the removal of substances is hard once it is absorbed.